The legalization of marijuana has most likely been brought up in conversation with everyone once or twice in his or her lifetime. It has become a very popular issue in the United States over the past few years and becoming more and more popular with each day. Some are very against it and then others are all for it. As of right now, the United States has found itself in a lot of trouble economically and many believe legalizing will help this scenario. However, others still have strong feelings that it will worsen the country, putting it into more trouble. Each side has their own opinions on why or why not legalizing marijuana would make America a better or a worse place to reside. For some, this difference in opinion can be due to circumstance. For example, members of the baby boom generation who have strong opinions regarding marijuana could have a very different point of view compared to that of a drug user. Due to sometimes drastically different opinions on the legalization of marijuana and controversy surrounding its medical uses, the United States is still undecided on the matter.
The baby boom was between the years of 1946 -1960. It was a generation known for legalizing marijuana and for “recreation drug use” (Boomers and MJ 2). The new behaviors, involving heavy use of alcohol and illegal drugs mostly pertaining to marijuana issued by this generation, were ones that have never seen before by prior generations. “The issue of marijuana use being a good thing or a bad thing is further complicated by all the media attention around the issue of medical marijuana” (Boomers and MJ 3). Therefore many people do not know if it should be legal or not. People who were born around the age of when the baby boom occurred view marijuana from a medical standpoint, generally making them in favor of it becoming legalized. It was recorded that 74% of people 45 years of age and older are in favor of medical marijuana being accessible if a physician recommends it to the patient (Boomers and MJ 4). An example of medically advised use of marijuana is people who are undergoing radiation or chemotherapy that take medical marijuana as a substance to help calm their bodies and release any pains they may have. Although this may sound like a good idea for people with medical issues, many people do not agree with these standpoints, as many of the people born during the baby boom do.
People born during the baby boom have increase rates, as they get older to be caught up in marijuana use due to the extreme use of the drug during younger developing ages. Currently, 30% of people have smoked marijuana at one point in their life (Boomers and MJ 4). The high rate of drug use within the baby boom era causes double the treatment for adults later in their lives when they reach ages 50 or older. The habits they carry from the 1960s can lead to increased medical problems including heart attack increase. Due to these medical conditions that may occur, treatments can require expensive costs. Also, since the public health programs do not feel it is a big issue if older people smoke marijuana, there are hardly any prevention programs for adults. This overall apathy toward adult usage of marijuana is not assisting the baby boom generation to increase its rehab programs if necessary by someone who could have been smoking for years. Marijuana can definitely be linked to the beginnings of the baby boom and can explain why it is continuing today to occur in people 45 years old and older.
Other then the baby boom generation that can be linked to the start of the “marijuana use generation,” drug users have a unique input on the legalization of marijuana as well. Marijuana is the most common drug used by drug users. Forty percent of the 13.6 million Americans being current users of different illegal drugs use marijuana (Trevino and Richard 92). The cost of using marijuana is high for drug users due primarily to the fact that it is illegal. It is argued that drugs are very inexpensive to produce, but are sold at high prices due to the fact that they are illegal, making their accessibility much more limited than legal substances (Trevino and Richard 93). By making drugs legal, the prices will effectively drop. Since drug users will be spending less money on marijuana, it is more likely that they will support the cause of legalizing marijuana or other drugs. Even without the price decrease, heavy drug users are more likely to support legalization if it would assist them to be able to smoke or otherwise consume marijuana without dealing with the current laws against recreational uses of the drug. The supportive nature that they may portray may not be judged or dictated to others if the law was legal. The difference between drug users that have experience with the drug compared to those who may not is that they do not agree on marijuana in public health possession. Marijuana can sometimes be more harmful to your health then beneficial when assisting in medicating a sickly person depending on their condition. It is hard to tell whether drug users truly do support the legalization of marijuana since not enough studies have been made on it.
Both the opinions of the baby boom generation and drug users in the United States represent a larger issue that factors of people’s lives and backgrounds can influence how they feel about the legalization of marijuana. “Public opinions poll show that support for drug legalization varies significantly among different sociodemographic and political groups” (Trevino and Richard 94). After public polls were taken, the study showed that based on political/religious views, sociodemographs, and drug use all affect the opinions people have on whether drugs should be legalized. However, no matter what the reasons are, the fact is that support for or opposition against legalizing marijuana is split in the United States providing a great deal of controversy on the matter, for both recreational and medical uses of the drug.
“Perhaps the least controversial issue within the drug legalization debate is whether marijuana should be legalized for medical purposes” (Yacoubian, Jr.). Marijuana is found to not be an addictive substance, “by the standards applied to therapeutic agents, marijuana is also a safe drug” (Dews). The use of marijuana for medical purposes is a widely accepted concept. For example, between July and October 1999, the Survey Research Center at the University of Maryland took 1,002 adults across Maryland and asked them questions pertaining to a variety of drugs and crime related topics. One question during the survey specifically asked participants “whether they thought physicians should be allowed to prescribe marijuana for medical use”. Seventy-three percent of the surveyed adults responded positively, showing an overwhelming support for the medical use of marijuana in this study.
Although marijuana is seen as therapeutic for a variety of troubles, the FDA has not approved marijuana for all of these purposes. “On April 20, 2006, the Food and Drug Administration state, in an “Inter-agency Advisory Regarding Claims That Smoked Marijuana Is a Medicine,” that it does “not support the use of smoked marijuana for medical purposes” (Berg). According to Berg, during June of 2005, the United States Supreme Court voted that even if state law allowed you to grow and use marijuana, under the Federal Controlled Substances Act you may still be prosecuted. Due to this technicality, many patients now find themselves caught between state and federal laws. Patients are legally receiving prescriptions for their doctors, yet due to the vote during June of 2005, they could still fall victim to federal drug raids and criminal prosecution. There has been “increased demands that the FDA allow greater access (and speedier approval) for new drugs- cancer treatments, AIDS therapies, and even medical marijuana” (Berg).
Sometimes, the debate over medical marijuana is not so simple. According to Yacoubain, there are a percentage of people who feel that the legalization of medical marijuana could potentially lead to an increase of non-medical patients using the drug. There is hope, however, that by monitoring administrations such as The National Household Survey on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Drug Abuse, that complete views, both medical and recreational, of the drug use in the United States could be provided. If such data shows no increase of marijuana use among the general population then Yacoubain suggests that “a logical next step would be to consider lifting all restrictions on marijuana possession and use.
Currently, there are no states that have legalized marijuana although several have attempted to pass such a law. However, laws on medical marijuana and decriminalization of marijuana differ depending on the state. Thus far, only 14 states plus the District of Columbia have successfully made it possible for medical marijuana to be available to the public with a prescription (Ward 2). Not only can policies vary from state to state, but they can also be inconsistent within regions of the same state. For example, in Oakland, California a tax on marijuana was proposed that could potentially bring $294,000 in revenue while Anaheim California agrees with the federal law and chooses to ban marijuana (Ward 3). Although California was the first of the 14 states to legalize medical marijuana, they have not established consistency in their attitudes toward the drug.
In some states where medical marijuana is legalized there are issues not only with consistency throughout the state, but often there is also a lack of clarity in the specified regulation in where the drug can be obtained. Laws in some states allow a waiver for those with permits to possess marijuana by whatever means but grant no amnesty to those who are growing or selling for their ‘patients’, unless they are a caregiver or dispensary (Ward 6). The definition of a caregiver is another discrepancy between states. “In some states, like California and Colorado, a primary caregiver is a designated individual who has a consistent responsibility for the patient's housing, health and safety. In other states, like Montana and Michigan, she says, the caregiver can be someone responsible for assisting a specific patient with the acquisition, cultivation and use of marijuana” (Ward 6).
In contrast, there are some states, like Colorado, where medical marijuana is strictly regulated, not only for those who are prescribed it but also for those who intend to grow or sell it. As of this summer, new laws were adopted that require any center distributing marijuana in Colorado to be approved not only on the state level, but also locally. Also as a result of these laws, physicians must have a legitimate relationship with anyone they are prescribing marijuana to (Ward 8).
Although there are no states where recreational marijuana is legal, the repercussions for violating the laws against the drug differ depending on the state. Formal punishments for breaking anti-marijuana laws can be as mild as a small fine where states have instituted decriminalization of marijuana to an arrest, community service, or other more severe punishments. In California, any patient with a valid card can have up to 2. 5 ounces of marijuana without question or any possibility of punishment while in Michigan, even those with a valid permit can still be penalized if they are proven to be using marijuana recreationally (Ward 7).
The legalization of marijuana has been one of the most controversial issues in the United States for quite a long time. Considering marijuana has already been legally distributed to medical patients in twelve states, many feel that America should take the next step and legalize marijuana. Not only will legalizing marijuana help with medical patients and people in need, it has the possibility to help America’s economy tremendously. In his work George Soros explains, “Law enforcement agencies today spend many billions of taxpayer dollars annually trying to enforce this unenforceable prohibition. The roughly 750,000 arrests they make each year for possession of small amounts of marijuana represent more than 40% of all drug arrests” (Soros 1). Law enforcement spends way too much money on keep marijuana out of the United States when they could be spending these billions of dollars on getting the country out of debt. Currently, the United States has such a substantial amount of debt that there are not many easy ways of getting out. However, if marijuana were legalized, and distributed safely and effectively, the economy could reap the benefits. If the government were to allow marijuana to be distributed legally and place a high tax rate, they could be obtaining profit. A high tax could be implemented on the purchases of marijuana because people who purchase it illegally now are already paying a high price for their needs or desired usage. In placing this tax, a whole new industry for the United States could be created, giving more jobs to the many that are unemployed (“Legalizing Marijuana”). Besides all the talk about legalizing marijuana in the United States, another big issue is crime. Most people believe that crime and fraud are happening because of drugs and their usage. However, there are bigger and more dangerous drugs that are being illegally distributed that America could be focusing its efforts on. “It would also reduce the crime, violence and corruption associated with drug markets, and the violations of civil liberties and human rights that occur when large numbers of otherwise law-abiding citizens are subject to arrest” (Soros 1). Instead of police needing to focus on finding all of the people who are illegally selling marijuana and those who are illegally using it, they could focus on the more serious crimes going on in America. Focusing on incidences and offenses that are more important could allow the people who are getting away with more serious crimes to be stopped.
In contrast, there are people in the United States who worry that marijuana is dangerous to the health of Americans. Marijuana is actually less harmful than many of the medicines and products humans are using today, mostly because it is a natural substance. Alcohol is considered to be significantly more dangerous than any amounts of marijuana consumed. Drinking excessive amounts of alcohol can lead to liver damage and death where as consuming a large amount of marijuana cannot kill the consumer (“Legalizing Marijuana”). Those who are against the legalization of marijuana are worried about the supposed health risks of the drug, most likely haven’t looked into the statistics showing a lack of harmful effects of marijuana as opposed to the numerous potential harms of alcohol. Overall, it seems that the legalization of marijuana could only improve the bad situations America has been facing over the years.
Marijuana has the potential to remove our country from debt due the tax collections that could be gained from marijuana, decrease the crime rate, give more assistance to medical patients, create more jobs for the many who are helplessly unemployed, and make the United States an even better country than it already is. However, there are many people who still oppose the legalization of marijuana on principal. The United States may never know what it is like to legalize marijuana and the eases that it will bring unless it is given a try.